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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Fanhui Shi Weixing. (Discuss) Returnable Satellite (Chinese: 返回式卫星; Pinyin: Fanhuishi Weixing), or Retrievable Satellite, Fanhuishi Satellite, is the Chinese term for an artificial satellite which can automatically or controllablely return to Earth after it finishes its mission. It can be regarded as a kind of atmospheric reentry. Contents 1 History 2 Comparison between generations 3 Historic launch record 4 Comparable series 5 References 5.1 Bibliography 5.2 Notes // History China started developing this kind of satellite in the early 1970s. On 26 November 1975, China launched its first returnable satellite from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Inner-Mongolia. The satellite finished its mission successfully on 29 November 1975 and returned to earth safely, with the landing location in a special zone (Liuzhi Special District; 六枝特区) of Guizhou Province[1]. It was the first Asian atmospheric reentry mission, and China became the third nation to master related technology, including the atmospheric reentry, only after USSR and United States.[2] There are mainly three generations in history: FSW-0; FSW-1; FSW-2 and the current FSW-3. Until the year 2003, China launched in total 22 of this kind of satellite, for climate, geographical and agricultural purposes. Comparison between generations FSW-0 It was the first generation of China's returnable satellites. The main use was for the inspection of national land and natural resources. Satellites of this generation all carried prism-scan cameras. It did not have any complete orbit control system, so its decay or attenuation of orbit was fast; it thus had a relatively short orbit duration. Its accuracy for landing or return location was relatively low. FSW-1 This generation carried much more powerful cameras. The main use of this generation was for drawing geographical maps. Its resolution was as high as 10m. FSW-2 FSW-3 FSW-0 FSW-1 FSW-2 FSW-3 Satellite Mass (km) 1800 2100 2800~3100 Satellite Volume (m3) 7.6 7.6 12.8 Return Load (kg) 260 260 400 Launch Load (kg) 340 450 500~600 Mission Duration (day) 3~5 8 15~17 Microgravity Gradient (g) 10−3~10−5 10−3~10−5 10−3~10−5 Orbital Inclination (°) 57~68 57~70 57~70 Periapsis (km) 172~180 200~210 175~200 Apoapsis (km) 400~500 300~400 300~400 Orbit Period (min) ~90 ~90 ~90 Launch Rocket Type Long March C Long March C Long March D Long March C or D Historic launch record Name Launch Date (y/m/d) Return Date (y/m/d) Launch Load (kg) Return Load (kg) Apsis (km) Apogee (km) Period (min) Angle(°) FSW-0-1 1974/11/5 failed 1790 - - - - - FSW-0-2 1975/11/26 1975/11/29 1790 600 181 495 91.2 63.0 FSW-0-3 1976/12/7 1976/12/10 1790 600 172 492 91.2 59.5 FSW-0-4 1978/1/26 1978/1/29 1810 650 169 488 91.2 57.0 FSW-0-5 1982/9/9 1982/9/14 1780 610 177 407 90.2 63.0 FSW-0-6 1983/8/19 1983/8/24 1840 630 175 404 90.2 63.3 FSW-0-7 1984/9/12 1984/9/17 1810 620 178 415 90.3 68.0 FSW-0-8 1985/10/21 1985/10/26 1810 620 175 409 90.2 63.0 FSW-0-9 1986/10/6 1986/10/11 1770 610 176 402 90.2 57.0 FSW-0-10 1987/8/5 1987/8/10 1810 650 172 410 90.2 63.0 FSW-1-1 1987/9/9 1987/9/17 2070 610 208 323 89.7 63.0 FSW-1-2 1988/8/5 1988/8/13 2130 640 208 326 89.7 62.8 FSW-1-3 1990/10/5 1990/10/13 2080 650 206 308 89.6 57.1 FSW-2-1 1992/8/9 1992/8/25 2590 640 175 353 89.1 63.1 FSW-1-4 1992/10/6 1992/10/13 2060 600 211 315 89.8 63.0 FSW-1-5 1993/10/8 return failed 2100 (650) 214 317 89.6 56.9 FSW-2-2 1994/7/3 1994/7/18 2760 770 178 333 89.5 62.9 FSW-2-3 1996/10/20 1996/11/4 2970 770 176 354 89.7 63.0 FSW-3-1 2003/11/3 2003/11/21 FSW-3-2 2004/8/29 2004/9/25 FSW-3-3 2004/9/27 2004/10/15 FSW-3-4 2005/8/2 2005/8/29 FSW-3-5 2005/8/29 2005/10/17 SJ-8 2006/9/9 2006/9/24 3000 173 336 89.60 63.0 Comparable series USA Discovery 13 Corona Lanyard Gambit Hexagon USSR Orlet References Bibliography 《返回式卫星》 (Returnable Satellite); Author: Lin Baohua (林华宝); Press: Tsinghua University Press, Jinan University Press; (ISBN 7302048827) 《太空情报与国家安全》 (Space Intelligence & National Security); Author: Lin Ziyang (林子洋); Press: Youshi Press; (ISBN 9575744721) Notes ^ 1975年：第一颗返回式卫星发射 (Year 1975: The Launch of the First Returnable Satellite; from www.gmw.cn) ^ 返回式卫星 (China's First Returnable Satellite, from the website of the Central Government of P.R.China) v • d • e China National Space Administration (CNSA) Robotic programs Current Chang'e program Human spaceflight programs Current Shenzhou program In development Chang'e program  · Chinese Space Laboratory  · Shenzhou Cargo · Circumlunar Shenzhou · Chinese Space Shuttle Individual featured missions (Human and robotic) Past Shuguang · Piloted FSW · Project 863 Military space projects IMINT JSSW  · FSW-0 · FSW-1 · FSW-2 · FSW-3 · JianBing · CBERS-2 (joint Brazil) SIGINT JSSW-3  · SJ-2 · DQ-1 COMMUNICATIONS Feng Huo-1 · ShenTong-1 Ballistic missiles SRBM: DF-11 · DF-15, MRBM: DF-2 · DF-3 · DF-21 · New type MRBM, IRBM: DF-4, ICBM: DF-5 · DF-31 · DF-41, SLBM ICBM: JL-1 · JL-2 Ballistic missile defence program Project 640 Spacesuits Cancelled Project 863 Obsolete Shuguang · Shenzhou 5 Operational Shenzhou 6 · Haiying · Feitian People Scientists Fan Ruixiang · Huang Chunping · Long Lehao · Luan Enjie · Ouyang Ziyuan  · Sun Laiyan · Qi Faren · Qian Xueshen · Wan Hu · Wang Yongzhi · Wei Yiqing · Zhuang Fenggan · Zhang Guitian · Zhao Jiuzhang · Zhu Miaolong · Du Qinghua · Hu Haichang Astronauts Shuguang Group 1970 · China Group 1996 · Chinese Group 1 · List of Chinese astronauts