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Terms of the Parliament of New Zealand 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th 21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th 26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th 31st | 32nd | 33rd | 34th | 35th 36th | 37th | 38th | 39th | 40th 41st | 42nd | 43rd | 44th | 45th 46th | 47th | 48th | 49th | 50th The 3rd New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Elections for this term were held between 12 December 1860 and 28 March 1861 in 43 electorates to elect 53 MPs. One electorate (Goldfields) was added to this during this term, increasing the number of MPs to 55. During the term of this Parliament, six Ministries were in power. Contents 1 Historical context 2 Ministries 3 Sessions 4 Electoral boundaries for the 3rd Parliament 5 Initial composition of the 3rd Parliament 6 Changes during term 6.1 Existing electorates 6.2 New electorates 7 References // Historical context The 3rd Parliament opened on 30 May 1861[1], following New Zealand's 1860–61 election. It was the second Parliament under which New Zealand had responsible government, meaning that unlike the 1st Parliament, the Cabinet was chosen (although not officially appointed) by Parliament rather than by the Governor. Political parties had not been established yet; this only happened after the 1890 election. Anyone attempting to form an administration thus had to win support directly from individual MPs. This made first forming, and then retaining a government difficult and challenging.[2] The 3rd Parliament sat during the time of the New Zealand land wars. Even before the first session started, William Cutfield King (representing the Grey and Bell electorate) got killed in the First Taranaki War.[3] Marmaduke George Nixon (Franklin electorate) got killed in 1864 during the Invasion of Waikato.[4] Ministries Since 1856, the first Stafford Ministry, led by Edward Stafford, was in place. This was the third administration under responsible government, and it was dissolved on 12 July 1861. Stafford was the third Premier of New Zealand.[2] William Fox then formed the second Fox Ministry, which was in place from 12 July 1861 to 6 August 1862. Fox had previously been the Premier under the second administration.[2] Alfred Domett, the fourth Premier, led the fifth administration, the Domett Ministry. This was in place from 6 August 1862 until 30 October 1863.[2] The Whitaker–Fox Ministry was the next administration, led by Frederick Whitaker as the 5th Premier. This administration was in place from 30 October 1863 to 24 November 1864.[2] This was followed by the Weld Ministry under Frederick Weld as the 6th Premier. This was in place from 24 November 1864 to 16 October 1865.[2] A few months before the 1866 general elections, Stafford once again became Premier on 16 October 1865, leading the second Stafford Ministry. This lasted well into the term of the 4th Parliament on 28 June 1869.[2] Sessions Parliament sat for five sessions:[5] Session from to First 3 Jun 1861 7 Sep 1861 Second 7 Jul 1862 15 Sep 1862 Third 19 Oct 1863 14 Dec 1863 Fourth 24 Jul 1864 13 Dec 1864 Fifth 26 Jul 1865 30 Oct 1865 The 1st session started on 30 May 1861.[1] The 5th session started on 26 July 1865[6] and Parliament was prorogued on 30 October.[7] Electoral boundaries for the 3rd Parliament 43 electorates were used for the 1860–61 elections. This was a significant increase from the previous 24 electorates, and resulted from the passage of the Representation Act 1860.[8] Initial composition of the 3rd Parliament 53 seats were created across the 43 electorates. The City of Wellington electorate was the only three-member electorate, and eight electorates were represented by two members. The remaining 34 electorates were represented by a single member.[8] Member Electorate Province MP's term Election date (YYYY/MM/DD) White, Augustus Akaroa Canterbury First 1861/02/13[9] Creyke, Alfred Richard Avon Canterbury First Carleton, Hugh Bay of Islands Auckland Third Kettle, Charles[10] Bruce Otago First Gillies, Thomas Bruce Otago Second Weld, Frederick Cheviot Canterbury Third Cracroft Wilson, John City of Christchurch Canterbury First Stafford, Edward City of Nelson Nelson Second Ormond, John Clive Hawke's Bay First Richmond, Andrew James[11] Collingwood Nelson First McGlashan, Edward[12] City of Dunedin Otago First Dick, Thomas City of Dunedin Otago First Rowley, Thomas[13] Ellesmere Canterbury First Nixon, Marmaduke George Franklin Auckland First Graham, Robert Franklin Auckland Second Fraser, Thomas Hampden Otago First Hall, George[14] Heathcote Canterbury First Fitzherbert, William Hutt Wellington Second Renall, Alfred [15] Hutt Wellington Second Cookson, Isaac Thomas Kaiapoi Canterbury Second Ward, Crosbie Town of Lyttelton Canterbury Second Munro, John Marsden Auckland First Butler, William Mongonui Auckland First Curtis, Herbert Evelyn[16] Motueka Nelson Second Stark, Henry Powning Napier Hawke's Bay First Domett, Alfred City of Nelson Nelson Second Richmond, William New Plymouth Taranaki Second Graham, George[17] Newton Auckland First O'Neill, James Northern Division Auckland Second Henderson, Thomas Northern Division Auckland Second Richmond, James Omata Taranaki First Wood, Reader Parnell Auckland First Mason, William Pensioner Settlements Auckland First Monro, David Picton Marlborough Third Brandon, Alfred Porirua Wellington Second Taylor, Charles John Raglan Auckland Third Fox, William Rangitīkei Wellington Second Jollie, Francis Timaru Canterbury First O'Rorke, Maurice Town of Onehunga Auckland First Saunders, Alfred Waimea Marlborough First Carter, Charles Rooking Wairarapa Wellington Second Eyes, William Henry Wairau Marlborough First Mantell, Walter Wallace Otago First Bell, Dillon Wallace Otago Second Taylor, William Waring[18] City of Wellington Wellington First Featherston, Isaac City of Wellington Wellington Third Rhodes, William Barnard City of Wellington Wellington Third Harrison, Henry Shafto[19] Whanganui Wellington First Firth, Josiah Clifton Auckland West Auckland First Williamson, John Auckland West Auckland Second Wemyss, James Balfour[20] Suburbs of Nelson Nelson First King, William Cutfield Grey and Bell Taranaki First Russell, Thomas Auckland East Auckland First Changes during term There were numerous changes during the term of the 3rd Parliament. Existing electorates Akaroa White resigned in 1863 and was succeeded by Lancelot Walker. Auckland West Firth resigned on 30 April 1862. He was succeeded by James Williamson.[21] Avon Creyke resigned on 21 April 1862.[22] He was succeeded by William Thomson.[23] Bruce Kettle died on 5 June 1862.[10] Edward Cargill succeeded him in the 1862 by-election.[22] In 1865, Edward Cargill resigned. The resulting second by-election in 1865, held on 26 July, was contested by James Macandrew and John Cargill. Macandrew and J. Cargill received 207 and 34 votes, and Macandrew was declared elected.[24] Gillies resigned and the subsequent first 1865 by-election was won on 8 April 1865 by Arthur John Burns.[25] City of Dunedin Edward McGlashan resigned in 1861. Successors were John Larkins Cheese Richardson (1862) and James Paterson (1862–63). Dick resigned in 1863.[26] The electorate was abolished in 1863 and replaced with the two Dunedin suburb electorates listed below. Ellesmere Rowley resigned in 1862 and was succeeded by James FitzGerald. Franklin Nixon got killed on 27 May 1864.[4] He was succeeded by Theodore Haultain. Grey and Bell King got killed on 8 February 1861.[3] He was succeeded by Harry Atkinson. Hampden Fraser was vacated for absence in 1862. He was succeeded by John Richard Jones who resigned in 1863, and was replaced by Frederick Wayne. Heathcote G. Hall resigned in 1862. He was first succeeded by William Sefton Moorhouse (1862–63), then Alfred Cox (1863–65). Kaiapoi Cookson resigned in 1863. He was succeeded by Robert Wilkin. Napier Stark resigned in 1861. He was succeeded by William Colenso. New Plymouth William Richmond resigned in 1862. He was first succeeded by Isaac Newton Watt[27] (1862–63), then Henry Hanson Turton[28] (1863–64), and then Charles Brown (1864–65). Parnell Wood resigned in 1865. He was succeeded by Robert James Creighton.[29] Raglan Charles John Taylor resigned in 1865. He was succeeded by William Thorne Buckland. Suburbs of Nelson Wemyss resigned in 1861. He was succeeded by William Wells. Waimea Saunders resigned in 1864. He was succeeded by John George Miles.[30] Wairarapa Carter resigned in 1865. He was succeeded by Henry Bunny. New electorates Dunedin and Suburbs South Dunedin and Suburbs South was established in 1862 as a two-member electorate. It was represented by two MPs: William Hunter Reynolds (from 4 Dec 1862) and James Paterson (from 29 Apr 1863) until the end of the term. Dunedin and Suburbs North Dunedin and Suburbs North was established in 1863 as a two-member electorate. It was represented by John Larkins Cheese Richardson (from 20 Apr 1863) and Julius Vogel (from 29 Sep 1863) until the end of the term. Goldfields The Goldfields electorate was established in 1862, during the term of the 3rd Parliament. This was a reaction to the large influx of people to Otago during the Otago Gold Rush, and because the franchise had been extended to males aged 21 years and over who had held a miner’s right continuously for at least three (or six) months. No electoral rolls were established for these districts, and to vote a miner just presented his miner’s licence to the election official. Outside Otago where no special Goldfields electorate existed, miners could register as electors in the ordinary electoral district where they lived. William Baldwin and George Brodie were elected in the 1863 Goldfields by-election. Baldwin resigned on 27 April 1865.[31] Charles Edward Haughton won the resulting 1865 by-election held on 29 May contested by three candidates.[32] References ^ a b "THE SOUTHERN CROSS. Tuesday, May 14, 1861". Daily Southern Cross: p. 2. Volume XVII, Issue 1400, 14 May 1861. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=DSC18610514.2.10. Retrieved 6 June 2010.  ^ a b c d e f g King, Michael (2003). The Penguin History of New Zealand (20 ed.). Auckland: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-301867-1.  ^ a b Cyclopedia Company Limited (1908). "Former Members Of The House Of Representatives". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Taranaki, Hawke’s Bay & Wellington Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc06Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d3-d4.html#name-416693-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ a b Barber, Laurie (updated 22 June 2007). "Nixon, Marmaduke George 1813/1814? - 1864". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/alt_essayBody.asp?essayID=1N15. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 68. ^ "Opening of the General Assembly". Bruce Herald: p. 8. Volume III, Issue 70, 10 August 1865. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=BH18650810.2.20. Retrieved 10 July 2010.  ^ "Parliament of New Zealand". Daily Southern Cross: p. 5. Volume XXI, Issue 2600, 17 November 1865. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=DSC18651117.2.19. Retrieved 10 July 2010.  ^ a b "REPRESENTATION ACT, 1860". Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle: p. 4. Volume XX, Issue 28, 30 March 1861. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NENZC18610330.2.26. Retrieved 6 June 2010.  ^ "The Elections". Daily Southern Cross: p. 3. Volume XVII, Issue 1379, 1 March 1861. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=DSC18610301.2.11. Retrieved 10 July 2010.  ^ a b Patterson, Brad (updated 22 June 2007). "Kettle, Charles Henry 1821 - 1862". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/alt_essayBody.asp?essayID=1K11. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc05Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d1-d3.html#name-431296-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1905). "Ex-Members". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc04Cycl-t1-body1-d2-d6-d2.html#name-427764-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Johnson, R. D.; Lochhead, Shapcott, Shaw-Brown. "The Architectural Heritage of Christchurch". Christchurch City Council : Town Planning Division. pp. 5. http://library.christchurch.org.nz/Heritage/Publications/ChristchurchCityCouncil/ArchitecturalHeritage/GovernmentBuildings/GovernmentBuildings.pdf. Retrieved 1 May 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1903). "Mr. George Williamson Hall". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Canterbury Provincial District. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc03Cycl-t1-body1-d3-d6-d12.html. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Percy, Shirley Kevin. "The Renalls of Petone and the Wairarapa". Percy Family. http://www.percyfamily.co.nz/the-renalls-of-petone-and-the-wairarapa. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Savage, J. F. H. (September 1978). "Potted Biographies". Nelson Historical Society Journal 3 (4). http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-NHSJ03_04-t1-body1-d11.html. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1902). "Mr. George Graham". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Auckland Provincial District. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc02Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d10-d18.html. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. William Waring Taylor". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc01Cycl-t1-body-d4-d9-d7.html#name-413879-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Ex-Members". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc01Cycl-t1-body-d4-d172-d3.html#name-160282-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc05Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d1-d3.html#name-402578-mention. Retrieved 8 June 2010.  ^ Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 259. OCLC 154283103.  ^ a b Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 191. OCLC 154283103.  ^ "GENERAL ASSEMBLY.". Otago Witness: p. 2. Issue 560, 23 August 1862. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18620823.2.3. Retrieved 6 June 2010.  ^ "Bruce Election". Otago Witness: p. 11. Issue 714, 5 August 1865. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18650805.2.4. Retrieved 14 July 2010.  ^ "Bruce Election". Otago Witness: p. 11. Issue 698, 15 April 1865. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18650415.2.31. Retrieved 14 July 2010.  ^ Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 261. OCLC 154283103.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1908). "Former Members Of The House Of Representatives". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Taranaki, Hawke’s Bay & Wellington Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc06Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d3-d4.html#name-416694-mention. Retrieved 20 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1908). "Former Members Of The House Of Representatives". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Taranaki, Hawke’s Bay & Wellington Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc06Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d3-d4.html#name-401540-mention. Retrieved 20 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1902). "Mr. Robert James Creighton". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Auckland Provincial District. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc02Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d10-d24.html. Retrieved 20 June 2010.  ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc05Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d1-d3.html#name-431297-mention. Retrieved 20 June 2010.  ^ Scholefield, Guy Hardy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1949. Wellington: Govt. Printer. p. 94.  ^ "The Election for the Gold Fields". Otago Witness: p. 11. Issue 706, 10 June 1865. http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=OW18650610.2.20. Retrieved 12 July 2010.