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R.1 Blackburn Blackburn Blackburn II Role Carrier-based reconnaissance Manufacturer Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor Company Limited First flight 1922 Introduced 1923 Retired 1931 Primary user Fleet Air Arm Number built 44 Developed from Blackburn T.2 Dart The Blackburn R-1 Blackburn was a 1920s British single-engine fleet spotter/reconnaissance aircraft built by Blackburn Aircraft. Contents 1 History 2 Variants 3 Operators 4 Specifications (Blackburn I) 5 See also 6 References 6.1 Notes 6.2 Bibliography // History The Blackburn was developed to meet a naval requirement (Specification 3/21) for a carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft and gun spotting aircraft. Blackburn designed a new fuselage and used the wing and tail surfaces from the Blackburn Dart. The pilot sat in an open cockpit above the engine, a navigator sat inside the fuselage and a gun position was located at the rear of the fuselage cabin. The aircraft's two-bay wings could fold for stowage aboard aircraft carriers, with the upper wing attached directly to the fuselage, which filled the interplane gap. Armament was a single forward firing Vickers machine gun mounted externally to the left of the pilot, with a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring for the gunner.[1] Three prototypes were flown during 1922, leading to an initial production contract for 12 aircraft.[2] The production aircraft were designated Blackburn I and the first deliveries to the Fleet Air Arm at Gosport began in April 1923. 18 more Blackburn Is were built in 1923-4.[3] Its first operational deployment was with No. 422 Fleet Spotter Flight, which deployed aboard HMS Eagle in the Mediterranean in 1923.[4] A further order for 29 Blackburns was placed with the larger Napier Lion V engine and designated the Blackburn II. The upper wing was raised 22½ in (0.57 m) to improve handling.[3] A few Blackburns were used as dual-control trainers and all the Blackburn Is were converted to II standard before the type became obsolete in 1931, when they were replaced by the Fairey IIIF. Variants Blackburn Prototype, three built. Blackburn I Production version with a 449 hp (335 kW) Napier Lion IIB engines, 33 built.[4] Blackburn II Improved production version with a 464 hp (346 kW) Napier Lion V, and increased gap between wings. 29 built.[5] Blackburn Blackburn Trainer Blackburn Trainer Trainer version of Blackburn I, fitted with side by side cockpit and dual controls. Known by the Fleet Air Arm as the Bull. Two out of Blackburn I batch.[6] Operators  United Kingdom Royal Navy Royal Air Force Specifications (Blackburn I) Data from British Naval Aircraft since 1912 [5] General characteristics Crew: 3 Length: 36 ft 2 in (11.02 m) Wingspan: 45 ft 6 in (13.87 m) Height: 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) Wing area: 650 ft² (60.40 m²) Empty weight: 3,929 lb (1,786 kg) Loaded weight: 5,962 lb (2,710 kg) Max takeoff weight: 6,648 lb (3,022 kg) Powerplant: 1× Napier Lion 12-cylinder W-block inline engine, 450 hp (346 kW) Performance Maximum speed: 122 mph (157 km/h) at 3,000 ft Service ceiling: 12,950 ft (3,950 m) Rate of climb: 690 ft/min (210 m/min) Endurance: 4.25 hours Armament Guns: 2 × .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis guns See also Comparable aircraft Avro Bison Related lists List of aircraft of the RAF References Notes ^ Jackson 1968, pp.160-161. ^ Jackson 1968, p.162. ^ a b Jackson 1968, p.164. ^ a b Thetford 1978, p.48. ^ a b Thetford 1978, p.49. ^ Thetford 1978, p.50. Bibliography Jackson, A.J. (1968). Blackburn Aircraft since 1909. London: Putnam. ISBN 0 370 00053 6.  Thetford, Owen (1978). Aircraft of the Royal Navy since 1912 (Fourth ed.). London: Putnam. ISBN 0 370 30021 1.  The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985). Orbis Publishing.  v • d • e Blackburn aircraft Manufacturer designation B-1 · B-2 · B-3 · B-5 · B-6 · B-7 · B-9 · B-20 · B-24 · B-25 · B-26 · B-37 · B-40 · B-44 · B-48 · B-54 · B-67 · B-88 · B-89 · B-94 · B-95 · B-100 · B-101 · B-102 · B-103 · B-104 · B-107 By role Touring and light aircraft: Segrave · Sidecar · Type D · Type I · Bluebird Trainer: Bluebird IV · B-2 · Sprat Bombers: Velos · B-5 · Beagle · B-7 Passenger transport: White Falcon · B-9 · C.A.15C Military transport: Beverley Maritime patrol/ASW: Airedale · Blackburn · Kangaroo · Iris · Perth · Sydney · B-20 · B-54 · B-88 Torpedo bombers: Cubaroo · Blackburd · Swift · Dart · Botha · Baffin · Shark · Beagle · Ripon Fighters and Strike fighters: Twin Blackburn · Triplane · Turcock · Nautilus · Skua · Lincock · Roc · Firebrand · Firecrest · Buccaneer Racers: Pellet v • d • e Lists relating to aviation General Timeline of aviation · Aircraft (manufacturers) · Aircraft engines (manufacturers) · Rotorcraft (manufacturers) · Airports · Airlines (defunct) · Civil authorities · Museums Military Air forces · Aircraft weapons · Missiles · Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) · Experimental aircraft Accidents/incidents General · Military · Commercial (airliners) · Deaths Records Airspeed · Distance · Altitude · Endurance · Most-produced aircraft