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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2010) This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (April 2009) In Mac OS System 7 and later, an alias is a small file that represents another object in a local, remote, or removable[1] file system. It is similar to the Unix symbolic link, but with the added benefit of working even if the target file moves to another location on the same disk (in this case it acts like hard link, but the source and target of the link may be on different filesystems). As a descendant of BSD, Mac OS X supports Unix symbolic links as well. Contents 1 Function 2 Preventing Alias Failure 3 Distinguishing marks 4 Managing aliases 5 References 6 External links and References // Function An alias acts as a stand-in for any object in the file system, such as a document, an application, a folder, a hard disk, a network share or removable medium or a printer. When double-clicked, the computer will act the same way as if the original file had been double-clicked. Likewise, choosing an alias file from within a 'File Open' dialog box would open the original file. The purpose of an alias is to assist the user in managing large numbers of files by providing alternative ways to access them without having to copy the files themselves. While a typical alias under the classic Mac OS was small, between 1 and 5 KB, under Mac OS X it can be fairly large, more than 500 KB for the alias to a folder. Preventing Alias Failure An alias is a dynamic reference to an object. The original may be moved to another place within the same filesystem, without breaking the link. The operating system stores several pieces of information about the original in the resource fork of the alias file. Examples of the information used to locate the original are: path file ID directory ID name file size Since any of these properties can change without the computer's knowledge, as a result of user activity, various search algorithms are used to find the most plausible target. This fault-tolerance sets the alias apart from similar functions in some other operating systems, such as the Unix symbolic link or the Microsoft Windows shortcut, at the expense of increased complexity and unpredictability. For example, an application can be moved from one directory to another within the same filesystem, but an existing alias would still launch the same application when double-clicked. Aliases are similar in operation to shadows in the graphical Workplace Shell of the OS/2 operating system. Distinguishing marks In System 7 through Mac OS 9, aliases distinguished themselves visually to the user by the fact that their file names were in italics. To accommodate languages that don't have italics (such as Japanese), in Mac OS 8.5 another distinguishing mark was added, badging with an "alias arrow" - a black arrow with a small white border - similar to that used for shortcuts in Microsoft Windows. In Mac OS X, the filenames of aliases are not italicized, but the arrow badge remains. The system level alias manager keeps track of the alias and the original even if the original is moved within the same filesystem. Files and folders created in Mac OS X get a unique inode number, which remains the same, throughout their life within that partition. An alias records that inode number, just as a hard link does. The original can be renamed and/or relocated within the same filesystem, without breaking the link (just like a hard link), because the inode number remains the same. Managing aliases In System 7, the only way to create an alias was to select the original and choose "Make Alias" from the "File" menu. An alias, with the same name and " alias" appended would then be created in the same folder. In later versions, it became possible to create aliases by drag-and-drop, while holding down the command and option modifier keys. Mac OS 8.5 added a feature for re-connecting aliases that had been broken for one reason or another (when the simple search algorithms failed to find a reliable replacement). In Mac OS 9 and X options were added for command-option dragging an object in the Finder to create an alias at that location. This is where the alias cursor was added to the system. References ^ Files: Chapter 4 - Alias Manager; Search Strategies — Inside Macintosh developer documentation External links and References Alias Manager — Inside Macintosh developer documentation System 7 aliases — Article about System 7 aliases, from 1992 aliaslinks proposal by Dave Yost - an enhancement over alias files v • d • e Mac OS Applications Calculator · Chooser · Drive Setup · DVD Player · Finder · Graphing Calculator · Keychain Access · PictureViewer · PowerTalk · QuickTime Player · Network Browser · Scrapbook · Sherlock · Software Update · Stickies · Apple System Profiler · SimpleText Developer MacsBug · Macintosh Programmer's Workshop · ResEdit Technology Alias · Apple menu · Balloon help · Bomb Error · Command (⌘) · Control Panel · Control Strip · Creator code · Hierarchical File System · HFS Plus · Keychain · Labels · Macintosh File System · Option (⌥) · PICT · QuickDraw · QuickTime · Resource fork · Special menu · System Folder · System suitcase · Type code · WorldScript Related articles Manager · Toolbox · Memory Management · Old World ROM · New World ROM · EFI v • d • e Mac OS X Versions Public Beta · 10.0 "Cheetah" · 10.1 "Puma" · 10.2 "Jaguar" · 10.3 "Panther" · 10.4 "Tiger" · 10.5 "Leopard" · 10.6 "Snow Leopard" Applications Address Book · Automator · Calculator · Chess · Dashboard · Dictionary · DVD Player · Finder · Front Row · Grapher · iCal · iChat · iSync · iTunes (version history) · Mail · Photo Booth · Preview · QuickTime · Safari (version history) · Stickies · TextEdit Utilities Activity Monitor · AirPort Utility · Archive Utility · Audio MIDI Setup · Bluetooth File Exchange · ColorSync · Console · Crash Reporter · DigitalColor Meter · Directory Utility · DiskImageMounter · Disk Utility · Font Book · Grab · Help Viewer · Image Capture · Installer · Keychain Access · Migration Assistant · Network Utility · ODBC Administrator · Remote Install Mac OS X · Screen Sharing · Software Update · System Preferences · System Profiler · Terminal · Universal Access · VoiceOver · X11 Technology and user interface Command key · Option key · Apple menu · AppleScript · Aqua · Audio Units · Bonjour · Boot Camp · BootX · Brushed metal · Carbon · Cocoa · ColorSync · Core Animation · Core Audio · Core Data · Core Foundation · Core Image · Core OpenGL · Core Text · Core Video · CUPS · Cover Flow · Darwin · Dock · Exposé · FileVault · Grand Central Dispatch · icns · Inkwell · I/O Kit · Kernel panic · Keychain · Mach-O · MacRuby · Menu extra · OpenCL · Preference Pane · Property list · Quartz · QuickTime · Quick Look · Rosetta · Smart Folders · Spaces · Speakable items · Spotlight · Stacks · Time Machine · Uniform Type Identifier · Universal binary · WebKit · Xgrid · XNU