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In pharmacokinetics, the rate of infusion (or dosing rate) refers not just to the rate at which a drug is administered, but the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective. Abbreviations include Kin, [1] K0, [2] or R0. It can be calculated as the steady-state concentration in the plasma * the clearance. Sample values and equations Variable Description Example value Abbreviation(s) Formula Dose loading dose (LD), or steady state/maintenance dose (MD) 1000 mg Volume of distribution The apparent volume in which a drug is distributed immediately after it has been injected intravenously and equilibrated between plasma and the surrounding tissues. 25 L Concentration initial or steady-state concentration of drug in plasma 40.0 mg/L Biological half-life The time required for the concentration of the drug to reach half of its original value. 14 hr Elimination rate constant The rate at which drugs are removed from the body. 0.05 /hr Elimination rate rate of infusion required to balance elimination 50 mg/hr Area under the curve The integral of the plasma drug concentration (Cp) after it is administered. 0.1 mg/mL/min Clearance The volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time. 1.25 L/hr Bioavailability The fraction of drug that is absorbed. 1 Cmax The peak plasma concentration of a drug after oral administration. 40.0 mg/L direct measurement Cmin The lowest (trough) concentration that a drug reaches before the next dose is administered. 1.0 mg/L direct measurement edit where ln(2) = 0.69315... References ^ "Cp vs time - iv infusion". http://www.chm.davidson.edu/erstevens/iv%20inf%20Cp%20v%20t/iv%20inf%20Cp%20v%20t.html.  ^ "Chapter 15.2 - Continuous IV Infusion - Steady State". http://www.boomer.org/c/p3/c15/c1502.html.  This pharmacology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v • d • e v • d • e Medication > Pharmacology Pharmacokinetics ADME: Absorption • Distribution • Metabolism • Excretion (Clearance) Loading dose • Volume of distribution (Initial) • Rate of infusion Compartment • Bioequivalence • Bioavailability Onset of action • Biological half-life • Plasma protein binding Phase 1 reaction • Phase 2 reaction Therapeutic index (LD50/ED50) Pharmacodynamics Toxicity (Neurotoxicology) • Dose-response relationship (Efficacy, Potency) Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics: Minimum inhibitory concentration/Bacteriostatic • Minimum bactericidal concentration/Bactericide Agonism and antagonism Agonist: Inverse agonist • Irreversible agonist • Partial agonist • Superagonist • Physiological agonist Antagonist: Competitive antagonist • Irreversible antagonist • Physiological antagonist Other: Binding • Affinity • Binding selectivity • Functional selectivity Other Drug tolerance: Tachyphylaxis Drug resistance: Antibiotic resistance • Multiple drug resistance Related fields/subfields Pharmacogenetics • Pharmacogenomics • Neuropsychopharmacology (Neuropharmacology, Psychopharmacology)