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Norwegian Minke Whale Quotas (blue line, 1994–2006) and Catches (red line, 1946–2005) in Numbers (from official Norwegian statistics). Whaling in Norway is a centuries long tradition in Northern Norway. Minke whales were traditionally caught by Norwegian fishermen during the summer months, which is the low season for other types of fishing. Minke whale meat is used for human consumption and Norway has a long tradition of eating whale meat.[1] Contents 1 History 2 Current practice 3 Controversy 4 References 5 External links // History Norwegian whaling has a history stretching at least one thousand years back.[2] New techniques in the middle of the 19th century however revolutionized whaling. In 1883, Norway was granted permission by the Icelandic government to build whaling stations in Iceland; and when the nearby whaling grounds were depleted, Norwegian whalers moved their activities to the Arctic, where whales were still abundant and the operations more lucrative.[3] Current practice Only Minke whaling is permitted, from a population of 107,000 animals in the North East Atlantic and is argued by proponents and government officials to be sustainable.[4] Still, it has been frequently criticized by foreigners and animal rights groups as Norway, among Iceland and Japan, is one of few countries that still allow whaling. Norway registered an objection to the International Whaling Commission (IWC) commercial whaling moratorium, and is thus not bound by it. In 1993, Norway resumed a commercial catch, following a period of five years where a small catch was made under scientific permit. Norwegian Minke whale catches have fluctuated between 218 animals in 1995 and 646 in 2003. Prior to the moratorium, Norway caught around 2,000 Minke whales per year. The North Atlantic hunt is divided into five areas and usually lasts from early May to late August. Norway has exported a limited amount of whale meat to the Faroes and Iceland. It has been attempting to export to Japan for several years and this was realized in 2009.[5] A famous phrase related to Whaling, particularly in Norway, is "Ta din posisjon på harpunen" which roughly translated into English means, "man the harpoon". In May 2004, the Norwegian Parliament passed a resolution to considerably increase the number of Minkes hunted each year. The Ministry of Fisheries also initiated a satellite tracking programme of various whale species to monitor migration patterns and diving behaviour. The tagging research program has been under way since 1999.[6] Since 2006, when the Norwegian whaling quota was increased by 30%, Norwegian whalers have been allowed to hunt a quota of 1,052 Minke whales a year. Since the 1993 hunt resumption the Norwegian quota has rarely been fully met.[4] Year Quota Catch 1994 319 280 1995 232 218 1996 425 388 1997 580 503 1998 671 625 1999 753 591 2000 655 487 2001 549 550 2002 671 634 2003 711 646 2004 670 541 2005 797 639 2006 1052 546 2007 1052 592 2008 885 484 Controversy Animal rights and anti-whaling groups have commented that given Norway's economic position it is paradoxical that this is one of a very small number of countries actively engaged in, and favouring the continuation of, commercial whaling. This is despite the argued negligible contribution that whaling makes to the economy, and despite opposition from around the world.[7] Pro-whaling groups have commented that it is a violation of sovereign rights to impose anti-whaling regulations on an independent state, and raise concerns about those nations' factory farming operations, which they see as considerably more harmful than whaling. Many supporters of whaling agree that its macroeconomic importance is negligible, but hold that the livelihood of individuals and small firms depend on it and that sustainable development depends on human harvesting of all non-endangered species,[8] and that it is an important part of culture in coastal areas. Arne Kalland argues [9] that international pressure against whaling is a form of cultural imperialism imposed on Norway. Norway's whaling today is limited to the non-endangered Minke whale, which are killed using explosive penthrite grenade harpoons, which also accounts for more than 90% of the catch in Norwegian waters since the 1920s. References ^ Norway, Embassy in Canada: Norwegian minke whaling ^ http://www.folkevett.no/tema/biomangfold-og-naturvern/spekk,-loegn-&-hvalfangst/ ^ Húsavík Whale Museum, Iceland: History of Whaling. ^ a b Aftenposten Newspaper: Whaling quota draws fire ^ "政府、ノルウェー鯨肉も輸入承認　20年ぶり、ミンク5・6トン [Japan government permit to import whale meat from Norway first time in 20 years, 5.6 ton of Minke whale meat]" (in Japanese). 47 NEWS. Japan: Kyodo News. 28 February 2009. http://www.47news.jp/CN/200902/CN2009022801000630.html. Retrieved 2010-04-05.  ^ "Norway. Progress report on cetacean research, January 2001 to December 2001, with statistical data for the calendar year 2001". International Whaling Commission. http://www.iwcoffice.org/_documents/sci_com/2002progreports/SC-54-ProgRep%20Norway.pdf. Retrieved 2006-12-03.  ^ "Norway set to kill more whales". World Society for the Protection of Animals. http://www.wspa-usa.org/pages/543_norway_set_to_kill_more_whales.cfm. Retrieved 2006-12-04.  ^ http://www.iucnredlist.org/search ^ 2009 Unveiling the Whale. Discourses on Whales and Whaling. Oxford/New York: Berghahn Books, 253 pp. External links Wikisource has original text related to this article: Norwegian Minke Whaling 2008 Official Norwegian minke whaling: Norwegian Government environmental policy site explaining Minke whaling policy (English). v • d • e Whaling International Whaling Commission · History of whaling · Aboriginal whaling · Sperm whaling · Dolphin drive hunting By country Argentina  · Australia (Western Australia) · Faroe Islands · Iceland · Japan · Netherlands · New Zealand · Norway · Seychelles · South Africa · United States Products Ambergris · Baleen · Blubber · Spermaceti · Whale oil v • d • e Norway topics History Stone Age · Bronze Age · Viking Age · High Middle Ages · Kalmar Union · Denmark–Norway · Norway in 1814 · Sweden–Norway · End of the union · World War II · Since 1945 Geography Mountains · Islands · Rivers · Lakes · Climate · Protected areas · Fauna · Extreme Points Law Courts · Constitution · Law enforcement · Nationality law · LGBT rights Politics Constitution · Counties · Elections · European Union relations · Foreign relations · Government · Monarchy · Municipalities · Political parties · Prime Minister (List) · Romantic nationalism • Sámi Parliament · Parliament Economy Norwegian krone · National Bank · Oslo Stock Exchange · Education · Energy  · Media · Tourism · Transport · Companies · Whaling Military History · Ground Forces · Air Force · Naval Forces · Coast Guard · Home Guard Symbols National Flag · Flags · Coat of arms · Anthem · Motto · Name Demographics Administrative divisions · Cities · Postal codes · Languages · Religion  · Immigration · Norwegians · List of Norwegians Culture Architecture · Art · Cinema (Actors) · Music (Composers) · Cuisine · Norwegian language · Literature (Writers · Poets) · Bunad · Jul · Constitution Day · Media · Football · Rugby union · Public holidays WikiProject · Portal