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A pill is a small, round, solid pharmacological oral dosage form that was in use before the advent of tablets and capsules. Pills were made by mixing the active ingredients with an excipient such as glucose syrup in a mortar and pestle to form a paste, then rolling the mass into a long cylindrical shape (called a "pipe"), and dividing it into equal portions, which were then rolled into balls, and often coated with sugar to make them more palatable.[1] In colloquial usage, tablets, capsules, and caplets are still often referred to as "pills" collectively. See also Pharmaceutical formulation Pill splitting Capsule (pharmacy) References ^ 1918 US dispensatory article External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Pills Duke University History of Medicine collections Pills and pill-making - Museum of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v • d • e Routes of administration / Dosage forms Oral Digestive tract (enteral) Solids Pill · Tablet · Capsule · Osmotic controlled release capsule (OROS) · Softgel Liquids Solution · Suspension · Emulsion · Syrup · Elixir · Tincture · Hydrogel Buccal / Sublabial / Sublingual Solids Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT) · Film · Lollipop · Lozenges · Chewing gum Liquids Mouthwash · Toothpaste · Ointment · Oral spray Respiratory tract Solids Smoking device · Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) Liquids pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler (pMDI) · Nebulizer · Vaporizer Gas Oxygen mask · Oxygen concentrator · Anaesthetic machine · Relative analgesia machine Ocular / Otologic / Nasal Nasal spray · Ear drops · Eye drops · Ointment · Hydrogel · Nanosphere suspension · Mucoadhesive microdisc (microsphere tablet) Urogenital Ointment · Pessary (vaginal suppository) · Vaginal ring · Vaginal douche · Intrauterine device (IUD) · Extra-amniotic infusion · Intravesical infusion Rectal (enteral) Ointment · Suppository · Enema (Solution · Hydrogel) · Murphy drip · Nutrient enema Dermal Ointment · Liniment · Paste · Film · Hydrogel · Liposomes · Transfersome vesicals · Cream · Lotion · Lip balm · Medicated shampoo · Dermal patch · Transdermal patch · Transdermal spray · Jet injector Injection / Infusion (into tissue/blood) Skin Intradermal · Subcutaneous · Transdermal implant Organs Intracavernous · Intravitreal · Transscleral Central nervous system Intracerebral · Intrathecal · Epidural Circulatory / Musculoskeletal Intravenous · Intracardiac · Intramuscular · Intraosseous · Intraperitoneal · Nanocell injection Additional explanation: Mucous membranes are used by the human body to absorb the dosage for all routes of administration, except for "Dermal" and "Injection/Infusion". Administration routes can also be grouped as Topical (local effect) or Systemic (defined as Enteral = Digestive tract/Rectal, or Parenteral = All other routes). v • d • e Routes of administration Gastrointestinal Oral · Buccal · Sublabial · Sublingual · Rectal Respiratory system Pulmonary · Nasal Visual system / Auditory system Ocular (Ocular-topical / Intravitreal / Transscleral) · Otologic (Oto-topical) Reproductive system Intracavernous · Intravaginal · Intrauterine (Extra-amniotic) Urinary system Intravesical Peritoneum Intraperitoneal Central nervous system Intracerebral · Intrathecal · Epidural Circulatory system Intravenous · Intracardiac Musculoskeletal system Intramuscular · Intraosseous Skin Epicutaneous · Intradermal · Subcutaneous This pharmacology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v • d • e